There are many different components within a camera. The main parts are the lens and the camera body. The camera body contains all of the main parts of the camera such as the adjustment controls, shutter button and the viewfinder.
Lens is a broad term, there are many different types of lenses. There are telephoto, prime and zoom lenses as well as macron and other specialist lenses.
Telephoto Lens
A telephoto lens is a lens with a long focal length, such as a 70-300mm lens. This focal length is particularly useful for landscape and nature photography because it enables impressive picture quality at a fairly long range.
Zoom Lens
A zoom lens is a lens that covers a range of focal lengths, such as 18-55mm. These are used as a general purpose lens for a variety of situations. The zoom function is provided by an additional mechanical assembly within the lens housing.
Prime Lens
A prime lens is a lens set to a specific focal length, such as 24mm. This helps to achieve an aesthetically pleasing bokeh effect with the lighting within photos, these lenses are commonly used within street photography because of this effect. There is no zoom function on these lenses so the only way for a closer up shot with these is to change lens or get closer to the subject.
Macro Lens
Macro lenses provide an extreme close up of a subject. This is used to capture incredibly small detail on a subject.
Tripods
Tripods are used for many purposes, specifically within a studio or for a long exposure photo. This helps to reduce camera shake from using the camera handheld.
Lens Hoods
Lens hoods are used to help reduce the amount of lighting from the sides of the lens opening. This reduced side lighting helps to eliminate unwanted lighting sources. They can also be used for a vignette effect with a lens with a shorter focal length.
Lens Cap
A lens cap is used to protect the lens opening from damage when it is not in use. The cover it provides prevents scratches that can break the glass of the lens. It also prevents dirt from getting on the lens so it won’t need to be cleaned as often.
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